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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Background Sepsis is the most frequent cause of neonatal deaths globally, varying in incidence between different countries. Sepsis is a burden on families and health care resources. Objectives To identify prevalence, type of organism, and outcome of early-onset sepsis (EOS) and late-onset sepsis (LOS). Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the neonatal ICU of Mataria Teaching Hospital from November 2018 to October 2019. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of proved septic neonates were collected. Classification of cases according to the onset of sepsis: EOS (group I), in which sepsis is presented clinically before the third day of life, and LOS (group II), in which sepsis presented clinically after the third day of life. The LOS is subsequently divided into hospital-acquired infection (nosocomial infection) (group IIa) and community-acquired infection group (group IIb). Results A total of 51 neonates were diagnosed as having sepsis, with a prevalence of 2.8% of total admitted neonates for EOS and 4.4% for LOS (3.7% for nosocomial and 0.7% for community-acquired infection). Vomiting, poor feeding, and respiratory distress were the commonest presenting symptoms in EOS and LOS. Blood transfusion is needed mostly in EOS. Gram-negative organisms were common in EOS and nosocomial infection, whereas gram-positive organisms were the commonest in community-acquired infection. Klebsiella was the commonest responsible organism for neonatal sepsis, which is sensitive to meropenem, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin. The total mortality rate was 25%, with no difference among the three groups. Conclusion Late onset sepsis (LOS) has a higher prevalence than early-onset one. Klebsiella was the commonest responsible organism for neonatal sepsis in our unit, and the most sensitive antibiotics are imipenem, meropenem, and ciprofloxacin regardless the onset of sepsis. Still neonatal sepsis has a high mortality rate irrespective of the onset of sepsis.

Keywords

Community-acquired infection, early-onset sepsis, hospital-acquired infection, late-onset sepsis

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