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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Introduction Atherosclerosis develops in many patients in the absence of classical risk factors. The serum level of lipoprotein [Lp (a)] is of utmost importance in such cases. Many patients with elevated serum level of Lp (a) have xanthelasma with elevated total cholesterol and low-density Lp cholesterol levels. Aim To find the relation between the level of Lp (a) and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chronic stable angina with and without xanthelasma. Patients and methods The study was carried out on 86 patients in the National Heart Institute. The patients were divided into two groups: group A (43 patients), with xanthelasma, and group B (43 patients), without xanthelasma. The patients were subjected to full clinical examination, echocardiographic examination and laboratory investigations, including the level of Lp (a) and coronary angiography. Results The age in patients with xanthelasma was significantly more than in those without xanthelasma but sex difference was not significant. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were significantly more common in patients with xanthelasma. Creatinine level, total cholesterol level, and low-density lipoprotein level were significantly higher in patients with xanthelasma. Lp (a) level is also significantly increased in patients with xanthelasma. The severity of CAD was significantly increased in patients with xanthelasma, and the level of Lp (a) was an independent predictor for left main disease. Conclusion There is a significant relation between xanthelasma palpebrarum (as a cutaneous marker of atherosclerosis) and Lp (a), and both of them are independent and causal risk factors for atherosclerotic CAD.

Keywords

LPa, LDL, TG, HDL

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