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Article Type

Article

Subject Area

Nephrology

Abstract

Background With a diagnostic problem, the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 caused a devastating global consequence. We were identifying severity/mortality risk variables that assist in determining the need for early admission. As a result, we sought to establish for the first time the clinical, biochemical, and radiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Egyptian hemodialysis patients and to identify the risk factors for mortality. Patients and methods In this observational multicenter retrospective cohort study in Egypt, the data of 377 confirmed COVID-19 patients on regular hemodialysis were collected from hospitals affiliated to the general organization of teaching hospitals and institutes through the period of June 6 to July 25, 2020. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was based on radiological findings specific for COVID-19 and a positive reverse-transcriptase reaction-PCR. Results Mortality rate was 15.6%. Age group more than 55–75 was statistically significantly higher among patients who died. Multivariate analysis showed that many factors were considered predictors for mortality among maintenance hemodialysis patients, including age group more than 55–75 years [odds ratio (OR)=2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–5.8], receiving immunosuppressive drugs (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.1–5.8), fatigue (OR = 4, 95% CI 1.1–13.6), presence of other manifestations (OR = 44.5, 95% CI 1.1–1938), the need for mechanical ventilation (OR = 130.8, 95% CI 8.5–2014), oxygen saturation (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.95), mild anemia (OR = 5.3, 95% CI 2.2–12.7), moderate anemia (OR = 3.7, 95% CI 1.5–9.2), and severe anemia (OR = 5.1, 95% CI 1.5–16.5). While fever (OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.08–0.79), and myalgia (OR = 0.06, 95% CI 0.005–0.7), were found to be negatively associated with mortality. Conclusions In the present study, we demonstrated that the mortality rate was 15.6% among COVID-19 maintenance hemodialysis patients, and many factors are associated with this, including age group more than 55–75, receiving immunosuppressive drugs, fatigue, presence of other manifestations of COVID-19, the need for mechanical ventilation, decreased oxygen saturation, and anemia. While fever and myalgia were found to be negatively associated with mortality.

Keywords

Clinical characteristics, coronavirus disease 2019, Egypt, hemodialysis, risk factors, mortality

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